SECRECY NEWS
from the FAS Project on Government Secrecy
Volume 2004, Issue No. 48
May 28, 2004

ARMY: NEW FIELD MANUAL ON INTELLIGENCE

The U.S. Army has issued a new Field Manual on intelligence that sets forth in detail the roles and functions of intelligence in Army and joint military operations.

The new Field Manual (FM) 2-0 is "the Army's keystone document for military intelligence doctrine."

With conceptual rigor, the manual proceeds from "the fundamentals of intelligence operations" to "intelligence considerations in strategic readiness" and beyond.

A copy of the unclassified document was obtained by Secrecy News.

See FM 2-0, "Intelligence," dated 17 May 2004 (211 pages, 3.2 MB PDF file):

CRS ON AL QAEDA PRE- AND POST-9/11

The record of terrorist attacks attributed to al Qaeda was compiled in a memorandum prepared by the Congressional Research Service in response to a request from the House Government Reform Committee.

The CRS memo concluded, with several methodological caveats, that al Qaeda terrorism has actually increased after September 11, 2001, not diminished.

See "Terrorist Attacks by Al Qaeda" by Audrey Kurth Cronin, Congressional Research Service, March 31, 2004, released by the House Government Reform Committee Minority:

See also "Al Qaeda After the Iraq Conflict" by the same CRS author from one year ago, May 23, 2003:

UNESCO GUIDELINES ON PUBLIC DOMAIN GOVERNMENT INFO

UNESCO, the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization, has published a new set of policy guidelines intended to encourage member nations to publish government information.

"One of the greatest values associated with placing governmental information in the public domain is transparency of governance and the promotion of democratic ideals: equality, democracy, openness," the document says.

"Open and unrestricted dissemination of public information also enhances public health and safety, and the general social welfare, as citizens become better able to make informed decisions about their daily life, their environment, and their future."

The UNESCO document describes a policy framework through which governments can promote the dissemination and use of official information.

See "Policy Guidelines for the Development and Promotion of Governmental Public Domain Information" by Paul F. Uhlir, UNESCO, May 2004 (thanks to G. Price, D. Banisar):

THE COUNTER INTELLIGENCE CORPS IN WORLD WAR II

Memorial Day provides an occasion to recall the rich history of the U.S. Army Counter Intelligence Corps.

"This little-known but important organization played a significant role during World War II and the first decade of the Cold War," wrote CIA historian Kevin C. Ruffner.

"While the historical community has pressed for the declassification of records from the World War II-era Office of Strategic Services (OSS) and the post-war CIA, CIC's records, in fact, promise to shed even greater light on American intelligence activities than has been previously recognized."

See his concise appreciation in "CIC Records: A Valuable Tool for Researchers," Center for the Study of Intelligence Bulletin, Summer 2000:

And for an official Army account, see "Counter Intelligence Corps History and Mission in World War II," CIC School, no date, which is newly available online (87 pages, 3.1 MB PDF file) here:

GERMANS VIEW THE AMERICAN SOLDIER IN WORLD WAR I

Reaching further back, a declassified U.S. Army intelligence document from 1919 reports on how Germans under occupation viewed American soldiers during and after World War I.

The document "sketches the varying mental states which the German mind experienced as the significance of America's entry into the European theater of operations became generally understood in Germany."

"An especial effort has been made to find all unfavorable criticism. The following pages contain all of the unfavorable criticism. That much of the comment is favorable is, therefore, significant."

The 1919 document, which was prepared by the Intelligence Section, General Staff, American Expeditionary Forces, was belatedly declassified in 1990.

See "Candid Comment on The American Soldier of 1917-1918 and Kindred Topics by The Germans: Soldiers, Priests, Women, Village Notables, Politicians and Statesmen," (91 pages, 3.7 MB PDF file):

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Secrecy News is written by Steven Aftergood and published by the Federation of American Scientists.

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