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A Special Investigative Panel

President's Foreign Intelligence Advisory Board

JUNE 1999

TABLE OF CONTENTS

ABSTRACT, FOREWORD

FINDINGS

ROOT CAUSES

An International Enterprise
Big, Byzantine, and Bewildering Bureaucracy
Lack of Accountability
Culture and Attitudes
Changing Times, Changing Missions

RECURRING VULNERABILITIES

Management and Planning
Physical Security
Screening and Monitoring Personnel
Protection of Classified and Sensitive Information
Tracking Nuclear Materials
Foreign Visitors' Program

ASSESSMENTS

Responsibility
Record of the Clinton Team
The 1995 "Walk-In" Document
W-88 Investigation
Damage Assessment
PDD-61: Birth and Intent
Timeliness of PDD-61
Secretary Richardson's Initiatives
Prospects for Reforms
Trouble Ahead
Back to the Future

REORGANIZATION

Leadership
Restructuring

RECOMMENDATIONS

APPENDIX

Chronology of Events
Chronology of Reports on DOE
Damage Assessment of China's Acquisition of U.S. Nuclear Information
Presidential Decision Directive 61
Bibliography
Map of DOE Installations

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PANEL MEMBERS

The Honorable Warren B. Rudman, Chairman of the President's Foreign Intelligence Advisory Board. Senator Rudman is a partner in the law firm of Paul, Weiss, Rifkind, Wharton, and Garrison. From 1980 to 1992, he served in the U.S. Senate, where he was a member of the Select Committee on Intelligence. Previously, he was Attorney General of New Hampshire.

Ms. Ann Z. Caracristi, board member. Ms. Caracristi, of Washington, DC, is a former Deputy Director of the National Security Agency, where she served in a variety of senior management positions over a 40-year career. She is currently a member of the DCI/Secretary of Defense Joint Security Commission and recently chaired a DCI Task Force on intelligence training. She was a member of the Aspin/Brown Commission on the Roles and Capabilities of the Intelligence Community.

Dr. Sidney D. Drell, board member. Dr. Drell, of Stanford, California is an Emeritus Professor of Theoretical Physics and a Senior Fellow at the Hoover Institution. He has served as a scientific consultant and advisor to several congressional committees, The White House, DOE, DOD, and the CIA. He is a member of the National Academy of Sciences and a past President of the American Physical Society.

Mr. Stephen Friedman, board member. Mr. Friedman is Chairman of the Board of Trustees of Columbia University and a former Chairman of Goldman, Sachs, & Co. He was a member of the Aspin/Brown Commission on the Roles and Capabilities of the Intelligence Community and the Jeremiah Panel on the National Reconnaissance Office.

PFIAB STAFF

Randy W. Deitering, Executive Director

Mark F. Moynihan, Assistant Director

Roosevelt A. Roy, Administrative Officer

Frank W. Fountain, Assistant Director and Counsel

Brendan G. Melley, Assistant Director

Jane E. Baker, Research/Administrative Officer

PFIAB ADJUNCT STAFF

Roy B., Defense Intelligence Agency

Karen DeSpiegelaere, Federal Bureau of Investigation

Jerry L., Central Intelligence Agency

Christine V., Central Intelligence Agency

David W. Swindle, Department of Defense, Naval Criminal Investigative Service

Joseph S. O'Keefe, Department of Defense, Office of the Secretary of Defense